Hydrangea macrophylla, commonly known as bigleaf hydrangea, is a deciduous shrub renowned for its large, showy flower heads and lush foliage. Native to Japan, China, and Korea, this versatile plant has captured the hearts of gardeners worldwide. Its ability to adapt to various climates and its captivating blooms make it a popular choice for both home gardens and public landscapes.
A Closer Look at Hydrangea Macrophylla
Key Features:
Hydrangea macrophylla – Wikipedia image.alt
Deciduous Shrub: This means it sheds its leaves in autumn, revealing its intricate branch structure.
Large Leaves: The leaves are typically ovate or elliptic, measuring 4 to 8 inches in length.
Showy Flower Heads: The most striking feature of Hydrangea macrophylla is its large, spherical or flat-topped clusters of flowers. These flower heads can range in color from pink to blue, purple, and white, depending on soil pH.
Flower Types: There are two main types of flowers within a Hydrangea macrophylla inflorescence:
Fertile Flowers: These are small, inconspicuous flowers located in the center of the cluster. They are responsible for seed production.
Sterile Flowers: These are larger, showy flowers that surround the fertile flowers. They lack functional reproductive organs and are primarily for attracting pollinators.
Flower Color and Soil pH
One of the fascinating aspects of Hydrangea macrophylla is its ability to change flower color based on soil pH.
Acidic Soil (pH below 5.5): In acidic soil, the flowers tend to be blue.
Alkaline Soil (pH above 7.0): In alkaline soil, the flowers tend to be pink.
Landscape: Why Hydranagea macrophylla Don’t Flower Center for image.alt
By adjusting the soil pH, gardeners can influence the color of their Hydrangea macrophylla blooms.
Cultivation and Care
Hydrangea macrophylla thrives in moist, well-drained soil and partial shade. While it can tolerate full sun in cooler climates, it’s best to protect it from intense afternoon sun in warmer regions.
Planting:
Timing: Plant Hydrangea macrophylla in early spring or fall.
Soil Preparation: Ensure the soil is well-draining and rich in organic matter.
Planting Depth: Plant the shrub at the same depth it was in its original container.
Hydrangea macrophylla (Bigleaf Hydrangea, French Hydrangea image.alt
Watering:
Regular Watering: Water deeply and regularly, especially during dry periods.
Mulching: Apply a layer of mulch around the base of the plant to help retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Fertilizing:
Annual Fertilization: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring.
Avoid Over-Fertilizing: Excess fertilizer can lead to excessive foliage growth at the expense of flower production.
Pruning:
Timing: Prune Hydrangea macrophylla immediately after flowering.
Pruning Technique: Remove old, dead, or crossing branches.
Rejuvenation Pruning: For older plants, consider more aggressive pruning to stimulate new growth.
Common Pests and Diseases
How to Plant, Grow and Care For Hydrangea Macrophylla image.alt
Hydrangea macrophylla is relatively pest and disease resistant. However, it can be susceptible to the following:
Powdery Mildew: This fungal disease can cause a white, powdery coating on leaves.
Aphids: These small insects can suck sap from the plant, causing leaf distortion and yellowing.
Caterpillars: Various caterpillar species may feed on Hydrangea macrophylla leaves.
Popular Cultivars
There are numerous cultivars of Hydrangea macrophylla, each with its unique characteristics:
Hydrangea macrophylla BBC Gardeners World Magazine image.alt
Endless Summer: Known for its long-blooming period and ability to rebloom on new wood.
Nikko Blue: Produces stunning blue flowers in acidic soil.
Pink Diamond: Features large, vibrant pink flower heads.
Blushing Bride: Offers a beautiful blend of pink and white blooms.
Hydrangea Macrophylla in Landscaping
Hydrangea macrophylla is a versatile plant that can be used in various landscaping applications:
Foundation Plantings: Create a welcoming entrance to your home with a row of Hydrangea macrophylla along the foundation.
Hedge or Screen: Plant Hydrangea macrophylla in a row to create a privacy screen or hedge.
Mixed Borders: Incorporate Hydrangea macrophylla into mixed borders with other flowering shrubs and perennials.
Container Gardening: Grow Hydrangea macrophylla in large containers for patio or balcony displays.
With its stunning blooms, adaptability, and low-maintenance requirements, Hydrangea macrophylla is a valuable addition to any garden. By following the proper care guidelines, you can enjoy the beauty of this remarkable plant for years to come.
